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How Many Languages Are There In The World? The districts are further divided into chiefdoms. The soldiers immediately released Koroma from prison and installed him as their chairman and Head of State. Next in proportion are the Kono, who live primarily in Kono District in Eastern Sierra Leone. Four of the Sierra Leone regions are provinces, and the capital city is located on a peninsula called the Western Area. [156] To ensure that the Energy Africa goal is met, Sierra Leone has agreed to remove its import duties and Value Added Tax (VAT) on certified solar products. ", "BBC On This Day | 27 | 1961: Sierra Leone wins independence", "Politicized security forces or tribalized national politics; which is which? These Liberated Africans or recaptives were sold for $20 a head as apprentices to the white settlers, Nova Scotian Settlers, and the Jamaican Maroons. Bo is also headed by a mayor and governed by the city council. However, the British exceeded their original mandate and took full military action to finally defeat the rebels and restore order. [21] "Peace before Elections vs Elections before Peace" became a key debate topic and this quickly became a point of national discussion. Two other commercial TV operators (ABC and AIT) closed after they were not profitable. Aside from the human cost, the outbreak was severely eroding the economy. The British Crown reorganised the Sierra Leone Company as the African Institution; it was directed to improve the local economy. [201] Many Christian organisations in Sierra Leone, including the Council of Churches condemned Ajisafe's sermon against Islam and Muslims. Bo is closely behind Kenema with 10.0%, whilst Western Rural, Kono and Western Area Urban with 8.8%, 8.2%, and 8.1% are third, fourth and fifth respectively. The African country of Sierra Leone is divided into five major areas. Formal exports have dramatically improved since the civil war, with efforts to improve the management of them having some success. Bai Sherbro was a chief and warrior on Bonthe Island, in the southwestern part of the country. The current president of Sierra Leone is former military junta leader Julius Maada Bio. Under the pressure of several coup attempts, real or perceived, Stevens' rule grew more and more authoritarian, and his relationship with some of his ardent supporters deteriorated. The Christian holidays of Christmas, Boxing Day, Good Friday and Easter are also national holidays in Sierra Leone. The rice is prepared in numerous ways, and topped with a variety of sauces made from some of Sierra Leone's favourite toppings, including potato leaves, cassava leaves, crain crain, okra soup, fried fish and groundnut stew.[244]. The three least populated districts are Karene, Falaba, and Koinadugu with 3.8%, 2.2%, and 2.7% respectively of the total population. Margai was popular among Sierra Leoneans during his time in power, mostly known for his self-effacement. Clarkson initially banned the survivors of Granville Town from joining the new settlement, blaming them for the demise of Granville Town. Prior to the arrival of Pedro da Cintra in 1462, Sierra Leones history can be briefly ascribed to its composition of few ethnic groups, prominent amongst these were Limba who already lived in Sierra Leone around the 8th Century and there is no clear evidence about their origin. . Margai's Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP) won a plurality of parliamentary seats and he was re-elected Prime Minister. The Sierra Leone National Premier League is the top professional football league in Sierra Leone and is controlled by the Sierra Leone Football Association. Male same-sex sexual activity is illegal under Section 61 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861, and imprisonment for life is possible. The Sierra Leonean-Lebanese community are primarily traders and they mostly live in middle-class households in the urban areas, primarily in Freetown, Bo, Kenema, Koidu Town and Makeni. Turay, went into hiding and fled the country to Guinea, fearing for his life. There is high unemployment, particularly among the youth and ex-combatants. [177][178][179] Most the major Muslim and Christian holidays are officially national holidays in the country, and religious conflict is rare.[180]. Koroma suspended the constitution, banned demonstrations, shut down all private radio stations in the country and invited the RUF to join the new junta government, with its leader Foday Sankoh as the Vice-Chairman of the new AFRC-RUF coalition junta government. The Susu and Yalunka are both descendants of migrants from Guinea; they both are virtually all Muslims at over 99%. Stevens is generally criticised for dictatorial methods and government corruption, but on a positive note, he kept the country stable and from collapsing into civil war. The widely spoken dialect and the main language of communication in the city is the Krio. Stations mainly consist of local commercial stations with a limited broadcast range, combined with a few stations with national coverage Capital Radio Sierra Leone being the largest of the commercial stations. In 1992, just a year after the war broke out, President Momoh was ousted in a coup led by Sierra Leone Army captain Valentine Strasser. Where is Sierra Leone located? Sipsma, Heather L., et al. In the 1860s, the country became a journalist hub for Africa, with professionals travelling to the country from across the continent. In 2009, the Sierra Leone Under-19 team finished second in the African Under-19 Championship in Zambia, thus qualifying for the Under-19 World Cup qualifying tournament with nine other teams. Ebola is prevalent in Africa where social and economic inequalities are common. The average temperature is 26C (78.8F) and varies from around 26 to 36C (78.8 to 96.8F) during the year. Before 2017, this province included the area that is now the North West Province of Sierra Leone. The Kuranko are largely Muslim majority. In March 1976, Stevens was elected without opposition for a second five-year term as president. Country on the southwest coast of West Africa, Independence (1961) and Margai Administration (19611964), After the death of Milton Margai and Albert Margai's tenure (19641967), 1967 General Election and military coups (19671968), One-party state and dawn of the 'Republic' (19681991), Sierra Leone Civil War (19912002) and the NPRC regime (19921996), Kabbah's tenure: government, "dawn of a new republic", the AFRC and end of the Civil War (19962007), 2007 General Election and the re-emergence of APC, Struggle with the Ebola epidemic (20142016), OFFICE OF INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM (May 12, 2021). In 2001, UN forces moved into rebel-held areas and began to disarm rebel soldiers. Setting: Twenty-seven peripheral health units, five secondary hospitals and one tertiary hospital, Western Area District, Sierra Leone.Objectives: To describe reporting systems, monthly attendances and facility-based patterns of six non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the pre-Ebola and Ebola virus disease outbreak periods.Design: A cross-sectional study using programme data. A general election was called later that year in which corruption was again endemic; the APC won 74 seats and the SLPP 15. Sir Milton Margai became Sierra Leone's first prime minister. The country has three universities: Fourah Bay College, founded in 1827 (the oldest university in West Africa),[214] University of Makeni (established initially in September 2005 as The Fatima Institute, the college was granted university status in August 2009, and assumed the name University of Makeni, or UNIMAK), and Njala University, primarily located in Bo District. This environment protected its people from conquest by the Mandinka and other African empires,[30][31] and limited the influence of the Mali Empire. It is from these hills that the major rivers in the district. [83] Brigadier Lansana and Hinga Norman, the main army officers involved in the first coup (1967), were unceremoniously dismissed from the armed forces and made to serve time in prison. The British began to take interest in Sierra Leone and in 1672 the Royal African Company established trading forts on the Islands of Bunce and York. Please select the style of the location map in the table below. Other minority ethnic groups are the Kuranko, who are related to the Mandingo and are largely Muslims. Since independence, the Limba have traditionally been influential in Sierra Leone's politics, along with the Mende. [32], European contacts within Sierra Leone were among the first in West Africa during the 15th century. Many of the national team footballers are celebrities across Sierra Leone and they are often well known by the general population. Over the next decade, much of the formal economy was destroyed in the country's civil war. Several Junior army officers led by Sergeant Mohamed Lamin Bangura were identified as being behind the coup plot. One of the top-ranking soldiers in the NPRC Junta, Lieutenant Sahr Sandy, a trusted ally of Strasser, was assassinated, allegedly by Major S.I.M. [181][182][183] The Islamic holidays of Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and Maulid-un-Nabi (Birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) are observed as national holidays in Sierra Leone. These problems became so severe that the SLPP boycotted the 1973 general election; as a result the APC won 84 of the 85 elected seats.[85]. [92] Strasser was immediately flown into exile in a military helicopter to Conakry, Guinea. Madam Yoko (c. 18491906) was a brilliant woman of culture and ambition. Colonel Frederic Cardew, military governor of the Protectorate, in 1898 established a new tax on dwellings and demanded that the chiefs use their people to maintain roads. The Creoles, a descendant from the Nova Scotia, Maroons and Recaptives. There are four districts in the Northern Province: The Southern Province of Sierra Leone has the most coastline on the Atlantic Ocean. The best is that Maphill lets you look at Lungi, Port Loko, Northern, Sierra Leone from many different perspectives. The Crown did not supply enough basic supplies and provisions and the Settlers were continually threatened by illegal slave trading and the risk of re-enslavement. [221] The founding members of the Coalition included the Sierra Leone Red Cross Society (the first chairing organisation), LFR International (proposed the formation), the University of Makeni, Agency for Rural Community Transformation, and the Holy Spirit Hospital. These At the highest level of administration, Sierra Leone is divided into five units. The coastal swamp region extends along the Atlantic for about 200 miles (320 km). Multiple allegations were made during the COVID-19 lockdown period of police attacking people trying to obtain basic necessities.[130]. [227] As of 2014[update], Sierra Leone was estimated as having the 11th highest infant mortality rate in the world. Sierra Leone has a total area of 71,740km2 (27,699sqmi), divided into a land area of 71,620km2 (27,653sqmi) and water of 120km2 (46sqmi). Sierra Leone is a country in the western region of Africa bordering Liberia, Guinea, and the Atlantic Ocean. The central bank is the Bank of Sierra Leone. After an alleged attempt to overthrow President Momoh in March 1987, more than 60 senior government officials were arrested, including Vice-President Francis Minah, who was removed from office, convicted of plotting the coup, and executed by hanging in 1989, along with five others. Inland from the coastal plain is the interior plains region. An alleged plot to overthrow president Stevens failed in 1974 and its leaders were executed. The district has both highlands and lowlands. In his first public broadcast to the nation following the 1996 coup, Brigadier Bio stated that his support for returning Sierra Leone to a democratically elected civilian government and his commitment to ending the civil war were his motivations for the coup. In 2018, Sierra Leone held a general election. The British were the catalyst for the ceasefire that ended the civil war. The majority of the Kono ethnic group are Christians, though with an influential Muslim minority. As of 19 October 2014, there had been 3,706 cases of Ebola in Sierra Leone, and 1,259 deaths, including that of the leading physician trying to control the outbreak, Sheik Umar Khan. 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